- Students should come to class having read the poem and hilighted any confusing parts.
- Start the class by answering any questions. Proceed to an American history review, asking them what they know about the United States in 1850 and filling in any relevant gaps.
- Introduce the cultural object, a painted lithograph, and ask the students to work on a free-write focusing on how the painting could relate to the poem.
- Break the class into groups and have them use their free-write and excerpts from the poem to try to guess what the painting is about. The following questions might help:
- Does the painting look like it occurs in a quiet or a chaotic area?
- What kinds of people do you see in the painting?
- Does the environment seem to invite all kinds of people, or is it exclusive?
- What parts of the poem seem to refer to a similar type of environment?
- After some time, the groups would give their best guess. I would explain that the picture is of Broadway in 1888, and provide some more context based on my previous blog. Then, as a class, we would discuss bigger themes such as democracy, the individual as part of a whole, and the urbanization of America, relating the painting to the poem. This would probably take up the most time and be the most important part of the class.
- Pick an excerpt from "Song of Myself" that describes an urban environment and analyze it according to one of the themes discussed in class. How is it similar to the painted lithograph? How is it different? How do historical context, cultural objects, imagery, metaphors, and other tropes influence the representation of this theme?
- Create a short poem describing an urban setting in 1855 (it does not have to be New York, but it can be) and explain how it addresses one of the major themes in "Song of Myself," supporting your assertion with textual evidence. Some questions you might want to consider:
- How does your cityscape promote or undermine the notion of the collective whole?
- If you choose to focus on urbanization, what message does your poem send about industrialization, and how does it compare to Whitman's?
- Is Whitman's depiction of urbanity elitist or egalitarian? Explain your reasoning.
- Examine this print of a parade in Broadway from 1855. Using evidence from the poem, answer the following questions:
- How does this picture compare to the speaker's notion of democracy?
- How is the imagery in the picture similar to/different from Whitman's description of the city?
- How does the crowd in this picture compare to one of Whitman's collective groups? Is the message similar or different? Why or why not?
- What other themes does the image evoke?
A successful post relates one small bit of "Song of Myself" to an overarching theme in the poem and supports it by both analyzing the formal qualities within the text and considering any historical and cultural context.
Wow . .this is fantastic!! I think the big question you're getting to vis a vis Whitman is about his representation of public space and, more centrally, how his poem in a way recreates the urban landscape (i.e. Broadway) and how that landscape inspires his busy, metonymic landscapes. Yes?
ReplyDeletePart 1 of your assignment - - where students get to practice inquiry - -is great. I would only suggest that you sharpen up your questions a bit: maybe by thinking about how you want students to "read" the picture - -i.e. what you want them to see and do with the details of the picture. (This is an example of the kind of "intermediary cognitive processes" that Randy Bass talks about.) E.g.
Does the painting look like it occurs in a quiet or a chaotic area?
What kinds of people do you see in the painting?
I would develop the two question above - - to get students to really look at things in re social class, activities, buildings etc.
These questions are good too:
Does the environment seem to invite all kinds of people, or is it exclusive?
What parts of the poem seem to refer to a similar type of environment?
But I'm not really sure if they're too general or too particular. Would something like, "What makes this space democratic?", help to broker the meanings between the painting and Whitman's poem?
In re Part 2:There may be too many questions ranging from the very very complex and general (How do historical context, cultural objects, imagery, metaphors, and other tropes influence the representation of this theme?) to the more pointed (How is the imagery in the picture similar to/different from Whitman's description of the city?). What is the big question or big idea you're asking the students to explore here? Urbanization in Whitman? Democracy in Whitman? Collectivity in Whitman?
You know, the more I think about it - - perhaps one way to develop the kind of literacy skills you're after in the first part might be through comparison - -i.e. a comparison between a Hudson River School landscape (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson_River_School) and the image of Broadway might really help underscore for students the kind of themes (urbanization, the crowd, public space) that you're after.
I've been noticing free-writing as step one in a lot of these assignments, including mine. I think it's a great way to wiggle student's minds into Whitman land. What's cool and unique about this assignment are the three options that students would choose to do. It seems like a little more work on the teacher's part but more interesting - especially if they do brief presentations, there might be less duplicative information with some creativity thrown in.
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